Approximately six million Polish citizens, divided nearly equally between non-Jewish and Jewish Poles, perished during World War II. Most were civilians killed by the actions of Nazi Germany, the Soviet Union, as well as their allies. At the Nuremberg Tribunal, three categories of wartime criminality were established: waging war of aggression, war crimes, and crimes against humanity. These three core crimes of international law were set apart from other crimes, and for the first time since the end of war categorized as violations of fundamental human values and norms. They were committed in occupied Poland on a tremendous scale.