Raoul Cédras (born 1949) ruled Haiti from 1991 to 1994 after a coup which ousted elected President Jean-Bertrand Aristide. The United States called him a "warlord" and "thug", and President Bill Clinton convinced him to leave in 1994 by threatening to invade the country. The US also gave him over $1 million and rented three properties from him, putting US personnel in them, presumably to protect them from being looted. After leaving Haiti, Cédras went to Panama, and Aristide returned to power.