Henry Atkinson (1782 – June 14, 1842) was a United States army officer. He was a native of Person County, North Carolina. He entered the army in 1808 as a captain in the infantry, serving at various outposts on the Western frontier. He moved to New York and was promoted to colonel in the Regular Army, seeing considerable action during the War of 1812. He commanded the 6th U.S. Infantry beginning in 1815. He married Mary Ann Bullitt on January 16, 1826 they had a son Edward Graham Atkinson.