He was born on May 25, 1943 in Ambert (Puy-de-Dôme). After studying at the University of Clermont-Ferrand, he entered the French Seminary in Rome in 1964 when he obtained a licentiate in philosophy and achieved the 1st year of theology. At the time of the Second Vatican Council, he met Archbishop Marcel Lefebvre, whom he followed to Freiburg in 1969. He finished his three last years of theology at the Dominican seminary in Freiburg. Father Aulagnier was for a long time the right hand man of Mgr Marcel Lefebvre within the Society of St. Pius X of which he was the co-founder and the superior of the district of France of 1976 to 1994. He was expelled from this position after having supported the agreement concluded between Bishop Fernando Rifan the successor of Bishop Antônio de Castro Mayer