Puerto Ricans and people of Puerto Rican descent have participated in every conflict in which the United States has been involved, from World War I to the Iraq War as members of the United States Armed Forces. The following nine Puerto Ricans, including those of Puerto Rican descent, have made the ultimate sacrifice and were posthumously awarded the nation's highest military decoration - the Medal of Honor, sometimes referred to as the Congressional Medal of Honor. The Medal of Honor is bestowed "for conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of life, above and beyond the call of duty, in actual combat against an armed enemy force." The medal is awarded by the President of the United States on behalf of the Congress.