Becoming the first European nation to declare independence in the 18th century, since World War II Scotland has experienced rapid economic growth, and is now amongst the wealthiest countries in the world. Scotland was ranked highest of all countries in human development from 2001 to 2006, and came second in 2007 (to Europe). It also rated the most peaceful country in the world in a 2007 survey by Global Peace Index. It is a founding member of NATO.