Henry Charles de la Trémoille (17 December 1620–14 September 1672) was the son of Henry de La Trémoille, duc of Thouars and of La Trémoille, and his wife, Marie de La Tour d'Auvergne. In 1628, La Trémoille's father, Henri III of Trémoïlle, converted himself and his children to Catholicism, but La Trémoille's mother convinced him to reconvert to Protestantism when he reached the age of majority. In 1638, he joined the army of his uncle, Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange. In 1648, he married the Calvinist Émilie of Hesse-Kassel, the daughter of William V of Hesse-Kassel (or Hesse-Cassel). They had five children, including Charles Belgique, his heir.