Rhopalodon is a genus of synapsid from the Permian of Russia. It has been variously classified as a dinosaur, a dinocephalian, or another branch of Reptilia. Rhopalodon is notable for being among the first reptiles mentioned in Nature. T.H. Huxley wrote of this reptile, among others, in the inaugural issue of the magazine, in November 1869. He gave the age of this animal and of the contemporary Deuterosaurus as Triassic, but both are now known to have lived during the Middle Permian.