The German commando course (German: Einzelkämpferlehrgang lit. Lone-fighter course) is a commando course offered by the German Bundeswehr. The course was established in the early 1980s and it is aimed on testing the physical and mental endurance of participants, to teach special skills, tactics necessary to operate, and to survive under stressful conditions, and for the Jagdkampf tactic. Until recently the Einzelkämpferlehrgang was a requirement for becoming an officer in the Bundeswehr. However, it became optional for officers and for NCOs. The course is taught by the German paratrooper school in Altenstadt, Upper Bavaria. It is still a requirement for officers of combat troops, while it is replaced by a survival course (German: Überleben im Einsatz lit. survival during mission).