A surgical or operating microscope is an instrument used for surgical procedures and different applications such as, ENT, Opthalmology, Gynaecology & Urology, and Dentistry typically to perform microsurgery. Design features of an operating microscope are: magnification typically in the range from 4x-40x, components that are easy to sterilize or disinfect in order to ensure cross-infection control. There is often a prism that allows splitting of the light beam in order that assistants may also visualize the procedure or to allow photography or video to be taken of the operating field.