The principle of command and obedience in the Bundeswehr (), along with the concept of "citizens in uniform" (), was central to the 1953 idea of "leadership development and civic education" (official translation of ). The revised definition of military orders and obedience, as well as superior-subordinate relations by the former "Amt Blank" (Blank Agency, predecessor of the Federal Ministry of Defense), was a 1950s result of Nazi German excesses. Central aims were the reduction of power to command by superiors and a shared responsibility for obedience by subordinates.