The People's Republic of China Chinese: 中华人民共和国, Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó), commonly known as China (中国, Zhōngguó), and the P.R.C.; is a nation located in East Asian. China is one of the largest nations in Asia and one of the oldest civilizations in human history. Following their victory in the Chinese Civil War in 1949, China has been a communist state.