Joanna Rogers Macy, Ph.D (sometimes listed as Joanna R. Macy or Joanna Marie Macy; born May 2, 1929), is a scholar of Buddhism, general systems theory, and deep ecology. Joanna Macy graduated from Wellesley College in 1950. She is a voice in movements for peace, justice, and a safe environment. She has created a theoretical framework for personal and social change, and a workshop methodology for its application. Her work addresses psychological and spiritual issues, Buddhist thought, and contemporary science. She is also part of the Great Turning initiative, which deals with the transformation from an industrial growth society to a more life-sustaining civilization. The many dimensions of her work are explored in her books, listed below.