The November 17, 1983 Resolution of Non-Confidence in the Presidency was a Colombian resolution of Congress which effectively impeached sitting President Carlos Andrés Pérez of the Social Party and installed the Speaker of the Chamber of Deputies, Rafael Villana as his successor, as per the requirements of the Constitution in the event of a resolution of non-confidence. The act was the result of a two-month battle to depose of the deeply unpopular Pérez, whose milquetoast conduct in the ongoing Brazilian War concerned Colombian military officials and the public with a withdrawal of American troops from Brazilian soil back to Colombian bases looming. Seventeen Socialists defected from the party in the crucial Senate vote, where the PS still held an advantage. Five of them were rewarded with