Legal challenges to NSA warrantless searches in the United States started one month after the existence of an NSA domestic surveillance program was revealed in the press on December 16, 2005. The litigation faces unusual obstacles. Alberto Gonzales has admitted that the NSA program includes spying on attorney-client communications , and one of the attorneys for the Center for Constitutional Rights has pointed out that the administration is routinely arguing that its court filings in defense of the NSA program are so secret they cannot be served on the opposing counsel for rebuttal, a procedure that is unprecedented in the history of American justice but that some courts are accepting. While the administration has now supposedly brought the program under the relevant law, scholar Chip Pitts