Lotha Province was a geographical region on the planet Bajor. Lotha Province was largely an agricultural region prior to the Cardassian Occupation, at which time a mine was established there. Following the Cardassian withdrawal, an aqueduct system was built which brought water to the region. By the year 2373, Lotha's farm were producing at levels almost equal to those before the mine. (TNG - Slings and Arrows eBook: Enterprises of Great Pitch and Moment)