Alfonso Gesualdo (1540-1603) was an Italian Cardinal, from 1561. He was from Naples. He was archbishop of Conza in 1564, bishop of Albano in 1583, bishop of Frascati in 1587, bishop of Porto e Santa Rufina in 1589, bishop of Ostia in 1591, archbishop of Naples in 1596. He was a patron of Sant'Andrea della Valle, in Rome, the mother church of the Theatine Order. The composer Carlo Gesualdo was his nephew.