Propaganda Due (also known as P2) was Roman Masonic organization and a secret society, operating from 1945 to 1981. The lodge was implicated in numerous Italian crimes and mysteries, including the Vatican Bank scandal, the death of Pope John Paul I and the murder of Vatican banker Frederick Keinszig. P2 was sometimes referred to as a "state within a state" or a "shadow government". The lodge had among its members prominent journalists, members of parliament, industrialists, military leaders and members of the mafia.