Thomas Bywater Smithies (27 August 1817 - 20 July 1883) was a radical publisher, temperance campaigner and supporter of animal rights. Born in York, Smithies initially worked as an insurance clerk there. Having saved an amount of money, he moved to London in about 1850, becoming a manager in a gutta percha factory. In 1851 he used his savings to commence his career as a publisher with The Band of Hope Review, a temperance magazine.The British Workman. The monthly magazine's aim was "promote the health, wealth and happiness of the working classes". The magazine's use of large engravings, layout and typeface were innovative and were widely copied. Smithies followed with other magazines: The Children's Friend, The Infant's Magazine, The Family Friend and Friendly Greetings All of these magazi