Roman Catholicism teaches that Peter was the first bishop of Rome and that he was given special authority. This is based mostly on a passage fond in Matthew 16:13-20 where the Roman Catholic Church interprets that Peter is the rock on which the church is built. This is very differently interpreted in the Protestant Church where Jesus is generally taught to be the rock on which the church is built. The Church of Rome also uses this passage, along with other verses and tradition, to justify the concept of the highest authority of the pope through apostolic succession. My own opinion is that there isn't a biblical basis for this view.