One problem that has consistently plagued both the Church in the middle ages and the Muslim world is lack of national unity. Despite their common loyalties to the Roman Catholic Church, France and the Empire of the Hapsburgs were enemies to the end, France even assisting both the Muslim Ottoman Empire and the Protestant Swedes. The Islamic World was, despite less numerous fracture lines, just as disunited, only one at the very beginning and, to some extent, under the Ottoman Empire. On February 14, 2009, the Valentine's Day Agreement was created and organized its members into the Crescent League. Later, the nations of the United Arab Emirates, Iraqistan and Pakistan joined. The Crescent League was created in an attempt to improve on the United Nations, and as such it has several limitation