Biblia Hebraica is a Hebrew Bible released in 1906 by Hebrew scholar Rudolf Kittel. It was a refined Hebrew text that included a textual apparatus in the form of extended footnotes, which collated or compared available Masoretic texts available at the time. The first edition relies on the text by Jacob ben Chayyim, while the third incorporates the Ben Asher Masoretic texts that had been standardized about the tenth century. A new edition of the Hebrew text was released in 1977 as the Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia.