James Roy Rowland, Jr. (born February 3, 1926) is an American politician and physician from Georgia. Rowland attended Wrightsville High School and graduated in 1943. He then attended Emory at Oxford in Oxford, Georgia in 1943, South Georgia College in Douglas, Georgia in 1946 and the University of Georgia in Athens from 1946 to 1948. Rowland earned his M.D. from the Medical College of Georgia in Augusta, Georgia in 1952. His education was obtained around his service in the United States Army during World War II as a sergeant from 1944 to 1946. He was a practicing physician from 1952 to 1982.