Józef Mieses (1892-1942) was a Polish teacher, linguist, rabbi and military officer. He reached the rank of colonel and chief rabbi in the Polish Army, where from 1921 to 1932 he worked in the Polish Ministry of Defense as the Chief of the Judaism Department. He published several works related to linguistics and was a recipient of the Polish Cross of Merit. He is presumed to have died in Nazi occupied Poland, most likely in 1942.