Hibernate is a tool which handles easy interaction of the application with the database. When said 'database', it involves multiple tables, and each table might be inter-related with one another. This inter-relation between the tables in terms of Java can be said as entity relationship (the relationship between entities). Having said this, I mean that for every table in the database, we have a corresponding entity in our Java application as well. Hibernate eases out the effort of Java developers, by asking them to just create a entity mapping xml for each of the entities available in the application (That's easy to count once you know what you are creating). So for Student.java, Hibernate asks to create a Student.hbm.xml file, which must contain all the mappings of its own properties to t