Gottesfreistaat (German for "God's free state" or "divine republic" - another kind of theocracy) is the name for a state form that existed for some time in the HRE. There had been predecessors in spirit, like in Utrecht, the "beggar's republic" of Parma, and the theocracy of Bohemia, all being states without kings (or at least, hereditary kings) and aiming at more justice and equality and a reformation of the church.