The Empires of the Modern Age have endured dissolution or separation of some of their territories in Europe in the 19th and 20th centuries. Such foreign controlling powers and the processes of separation from them include the breakup of the German, Austro-Hungarian, and Ottoman Empires (in the late 19th and early 20th century up to the aftermath of the World War I); of the British (mostly after World War II); of the Russian Empire and its successor (mostly after the Cold War); and others.