The Second Russo-Turkish War was a conflict involving the Russian and Austrian Empires against the Ottomans. The war began in 1787 in an attempt by the Ottomans to reclaim lost territory that was taken thirteen years earlier in the First Russo-Turkish War. In 1783 Russia officially annexed the Crimean Khanate, furiously angering the Ottomans who believed this to be an infringement of the Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca. The Russians refused all demands from the Sultan to stand down, backed by their Austrian allies.