Horst Niederländer (1 April 1908 – 24 April 1944) was a highly decorated Oberst in the Wehrmacht during World War II. He was also a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves. The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross and its higher grade Oak Leaves was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership. Horst Niederländer was killed on 24 April 1944 in Sevastopol, Ukraine. He was posthumously promoted to Oberst and awarded the Oak Leaves to his Knight's Cross.