The Multi-national Peacekeeping Force, also known as the MNF, was an international military group consisting of forces from the US, France, and Italy, which was created in August 1982 to oversee the evacuation of thousands of Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO) fighters from Beirut, Lebanon. In late September 1982, a second MNF force landed to help stabilize the Lebanese government and military and protect civilians following the assassination of the Lebanese President, Bashir Gemayel, and the massacre of hundreds of Palestinians and Lebanese at two refugee camps. The MNF was subsequently joined by Great Britain in February 1983.