Richmond Bridge is a Grade I listed bridge that crosses the River Thames at Richmond in southwest London. It was built to the designs of James Paine in 1777 to replace an earlier ferry crossing and was a toll bridge until 1859. It was widened in 1937–39. The bridge connects Richmond town centre on the south bank with its neighbouring district of East Twickenham on the north bank; both areas being within the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames, the only London borough spanning both sides of the Thames. As the river deviates from its general east-west direction to form an "S-bend" in this part of London, here what would otherwise be known as the north and south banks are often referred to as the "Middlesex" and "Surrey" banks, respectively, named after the historic counties to which each