Louis Armstrong, Ella Fitzgerald, and Mel Tormé were not only piorneers of the form, but three of the top scatting in the world. By the early 1960s, scat singers, who had been hugely popular, had become dated, old-hat. They were derided as hack "lounge acts" as the Beatles buried the Big Band. Many who lived through that rebirth of Rock in the 1960s and 1970s, including Tormé, became marginalized to the fringes of American music. In the late 1970s scat became "cool" again as revival groups like The Manhattan Transfer and R&B/Disco acts like the Pointer Sisters brought scat back to mainstream music.