The Induan (also known as the Feixianguanian) is the first stage of the Early Triassic epoch. It spans the time between 251 ± 0.4 Ma and 249.7 ± 0.7 Ma (million years ago). This stage follows the mass extinction event of the late Permian period. Both global biodiversity and community-level (alpha) diversity remained low through much of this stage of the Triassic. Much of the world remained almost lifeless, deserted, hot, and dry. The lystrosaurids and the proterosuchids were the only groups of land animals to dominate during the Induan stage. Other animals, such as the ammonites, fishes, insects, and the tetrapods (cynodonts, amphibians, reptiles, etc.) remained rare. Both the seas and much of the freshwater during the Induan were anoxic.