According to the 13th century jurist John of Ibelin the four highest barons in the kingdom proper were: * the Count of Jaffa and Ascalon * the Prince of Galilee * the Lord of Sidon * the Lord of Oultrejordain This fourfold division, which did not cover a number of lordships, may be an artificial creation of the 13th century, as the power of various barons fluctuated enormously during the height of the kingdom in the 12th century. There were also a number of independent seigneuries, and some land held under direct royal control, such as Jerusalem itself, Acre, and Tyre.