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1712 Huilliche rebellion

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The Huilliches of Chiloé had already in 1600 taken action against their Spanish lords. In that year a group helped the Dutch corsair Baltazar de Cordes attack the Spanish settlement of Castro. Contrary to continental Chile the indigenous population of Chiloé grew from 1700 onwards. By 1712 indigenous peoples made up around 50% of the population of the archipelago. The encomiendas of Chiloé were the largest of Chile and the administration of this form of labour more abusive than in the mainland. More on the encomenderos did not fulfil their obligations; they did not registered tributes nor salaries. Encomenderos did often not paid legal salaries or salaries at all and did not observed the "free time" of Indians in the encomienda laws. The encomienda activities in Chiloé included the Indians

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--02-18

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30 400

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Key encomenderos killed Encomienda mildened Supression of the rebellion

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Chiloé Huilliches Spanish Empire

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Central Chiloé Archipelago

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1712

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The Huilliches of Chiloé had already in 1600 taken action against their Spanish lords. In that year a group helped the Dutch corsair Baltazar de Cordes attack the Spanish settlement of Castro. Contrary to continental Chile the indigenous population of Chiloé grew from 1700 onwards. By 1712 indigenous peoples made up around 50% of the population of the archipelago. The encomiendas of Chiloé were the largest of Chile and the administration of this form of labour more abusive than in the mainland. More on the encomenderos did not fulfil their obligations; they did not registered tributes nor salaries. Encomenderos did often not paid legal salaries or salaries at all and did not observed the "free time" of Indians in the encomienda laws. The encomienda activities in Chiloé included the Indians to travel to the continental coast to logge for alerce wood. In retrospective Huilliches considered the abuses of José de Andrade detonant of the rebellion and one of his abuses in particular: the whipping of Martín Antucan an Indian he tied to an apple tree and to then flog his genitals with nettles to be then covered in tow and set afire. According to testimonies gathered in 1725 José de Andrade judged wrongdoings himself, did not paid salaries and tortured those that did not worked because of illness. His son is reported to have had similar behaviours and his majordomo kidnapped children to send them to continental Chile. During a meeting on the on January 26 of 1712 Huilliches set February 10 as the date of their uprising. The objective of the rebellion was not the end of Spanish rule but vengeance for perceived injusticies.