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British infantry brigades of the First World War

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During the First World War 259 infantry brigades were raised by the British Army, two by the Royal Navy, and one from the Royal Marines. Of these brigades fifty-three were held in reserve or only used for training, while another nine only served in British India.

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During the First World War 259 infantry brigades were raised by the British Army, two by the Royal Navy, and one from the Royal Marines. Of these brigades fifty-three were held in reserve or only used for training, while another nine only served in British India. The pre war regular army only had eighteen infantry brigades, with another forty-three serving with the reserve Territorial Force (TF). Once war was declared, the regular army was expanded first by volunteers and then conscripts for what became known as Kitchener's Army. At the same time volunteers for the TF formed second line formations. Three infantry brigades served with a division, mostly the same one throughout the war, but some did serve for short periods with another division. At the start of the war four infantry battalions, with a small headquarters formed a brigade, but by 1918, with the number of casualties mounting, the brigade was reduced to three battalions. During the same time the firepower of a brigade was increased by the assignment of more machine guns, eventually as the war progressed, a brigade had their own machine gun company and a trench mortar battery assigned.