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Amman Amman

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Amman, the capital of Jordan, is a modern city with numerous ancient ruins. Atop Jabal al-Qala’a hill, the historic Citadel includes the pillars of the Roman Temple of Hercules and the 8th-century Umayyad Palace complex, known for its grand dome. Built into a different downtown hillside, the Roman Theater is a 6,000-capacity, 2nd-century stone amphitheater offering occasional events. In 326 AD, Christianity became the religion of the empire and Philadelphia became the seat of a bishopric during the beginning of the Byzantine era. One of the churches of this period can be seen on the city's Citadel. In 1970, Amman was the site of major clashes between the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) and the Jordanian army. Everything around the Royal Palace sustained heavy damage from shelling. Most of Amman suffered great damage from PLO rockets and the Jordanian army's shells. Amman is the capital and most populated city of Jordan. In Biblical times, Amman was the capital of the Ammonites, a Semitic people speaking a language very similar to that of their Moabite and Israelite neighbors and sharing many cultural traits with them - which did not prevent their often going to bloody war. The Ammonites disappeared as a distinct people with the rise of successive empires which dominated the region for many centuries - Assyrians, Babylonians, Persians, Hellenists and Romans - but their memory was preserved in the name of the city which had been their capital. It had many ups and downs in its history, alternately flourishing and shrinking. In the 20th Century Amman became the capital of the Kingdom of Jordan and one of the main cities of the Middle East.

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*Laws of Nature Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.

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Municipality Founded

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The City of seven hills, Philadelphia , Ammon, Rabbah

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From top left: Jordan Gate Towers, Al-Iskan Bank Building, King Abdullah I Mosque, The skyline of Amman including the Le Royal Hotel Building, The Citadel Hill, The Raghadan Flagpole, and The Roman amphitheater in Downtown Amman

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Location of Amman within Jordan.

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عمّان ʿAmmān

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City Of Amman

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In Biblical times, Amman was the capital of the Ammonites, a Semitic people speaking a language very similar to that of their Moabite and Israelite neighbors and sharing many cultural traits with them - which did not prevent their often going to bloody war. The Ammonites disappeared as a distinct people with the rise of successive empires which dominated the region for many centuries - Assyrians, Babylonians, Persians, Hellenists and Romans - but their memory was preserved in the name of the city which had been their capital. It had many ups and downs in its history, alternately flourishing and shrinking. In the 20th Century Amman became the capital of the Kingdom of Jordan and one of the main cities of the Middle East. Amman, the capital of Jordan, is a modern city with numerous ancient ruins. Atop Jabal al-Qala’a hill, the historic Citadel includes the pillars of the Roman Temple of Hercules and the 8th-century Umayyad Palace complex, known for its grand dome. Built into a different downtown hillside, the Roman Theater is a 6,000-capacity, 2nd-century stone amphitheater offering occasional events. In 326 AD, Christianity became the religion of the empire and Philadelphia became the seat of a bishopric during the beginning of the Byzantine era. One of the churches of this period can be seen on the city's Citadel. Philadelphia was renamed Amman during the Ghassanian era, and flourished under the Caliphates (with nearby capital) of the Umayyads (in Damascus) and the Abbasids (in Baghdad). It was then destroyed by several earthquakes and natural disasters and remained a small village and a pile of ruins until the Circassians settlement in 1887. The tide changed when the Ottoman Sultan decided to build the Hejaz railway, linking Damascus and Medina, facilitating both the annual hajj pilgrimage and permanent trade, putting Amman, a major station, back on the commercial map. In 1921, Abdullah I chose Amman as seat of government for his newly-created state, the Emirate of Transjordan, and later as the capital of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. As there was no palatial building, he started his reign from the station, with his office in a train car. Amman remained a small city until 1948,and 1967, when the population expanded considerably due to an influx of Palestinian refugees from what is now Israel. Amman has experienced exceptionally rapid development since 1952 under the leadership of two Hashemite Kings, Hussein of Jordan and Abdullah II of Jordan. In 1970, Amman was the site of major clashes between the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) and the Jordanian army. Everything around the Royal Palace sustained heavy damage from shelling. Most of Amman suffered great damage from PLO rockets and the Jordanian army's shells. The city's population continues to expand at a dizzying pace (fueled by refugees escaping the wartime events in the West Bank and Iraq). The city received refugees from these countries on a number of occasions. The first wave of Palestinian refugees arrived from Israel in 1948. A second wave after the Six-Day War in 1967. A third wave of Palestinian and Jordanian and Southeast Asians, working as domestic workers, refugees arrived in Amman from Kuwait after the Gulf War of 1991. The first wave of Iraqi refugees settled in the city after the first Gulf War, with a second wave also arriving after the 2003 invasion of Iraq. During the last 10 years the number of new buildings within the city has increased dramatically with new districts of the city being founded at a very rapid pace (particularly so in West Amman), straining the very scarce water supplies of Jordan as a whole, and exposing Amman to the hazards of rapid expansion in the absence of careful municipal planning. On November 9, 2005, coordinated explosions rocked three hotels in Amman, resulting in the death of 60 people and the injury of 115 others. Al-Qaeda claimed responsibility for the act, which was carried out despite the fact that the birthplace of since-killed Al Qaeda terrorist leader Abu Musab al-Zarqawi, is the town of Zarqa, less than km ( mi) from Amman. The sheer brutality of the attacks, which targeted, amongst other things, a wedding party being held at one of the hotels, caused widespread revulsion across the widest range of Jordanians. Large protests and vigils followed in the wake of the attacks. Amman is the capital and most populated city of Jordan.