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Deposition

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Deposition is the removal of a man from clerical office and return to the rank of layman. When a cleric is deposed, he is no longer a member of the clergy and may not function in that role. Deposition is performed only by the episcopacy, and it is often the canonical penalty for committing acts of immorality or disobedience. Being deposed is also distinct from suspension in that it is a permanent revocation of the clerical office, while suspension means only that a cleric cannot serve for a temporary period. A deposition is a witness's out-of-court testimony taken under oath that is reduced to writing and authenticated for later use in court or for discovery purposes. A deposition was a first-person account given by a witness or participant in a matter undergoing investigation. In 2267, after the apparent death of Benjamin Finney aboard the USS Enterprise, Captain Kirk gave a sworn deposition that he had jettisoned an ion pod with Finney onboard only after the ship went to red alert. Since the ship's log said otherwise, Commodore Stone accused Kirk of willful perjury. (TOS: "Court Martial" )

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A deposition is a witness's out-of-court testimony taken under oath that is reduced to writing and authenticated for later use in court or for discovery purposes. A deposition was a first-person account given by a witness or participant in a matter undergoing investigation. In 2267, after the apparent death of Benjamin Finney aboard the USS Enterprise, Captain Kirk gave a sworn deposition that he had jettisoned an ion pod with Finney onboard only after the ship went to red alert. Since the ship's log said otherwise, Commodore Stone accused Kirk of willful perjury. (TOS: "Court Martial" ) In 2366, the destruction of the Tanuga IV research station and the death of Dr. Nel Apgar in a mysterious explosion was investigated by the Tanuga IV security force and the USS Enterprise-D. As part of the investigation, the parties involved gave depositions as to what happened in the events leading up to the explosion that were used to create holographic recreations. Commander William T. Riker's deposition was Deposition Program Riker One. Dr. Apgar's wife, Manua Apgar, used Manua Simulation One as her deposition while Dr. Apgar's assistant, Tayna used Tayna Simulation Three and Tayna Simulation Four for her depositions. (TNG: "A Matter of Perspective" ) After Joshua Albert had been killed in an accident in 2368, Admiral Brand had the other members of Nova Squadron give depositions in front of her and Captain Satelk. (TNG: "The First Duty" ) Deposition is the removal of a man from clerical office and return to the rank of layman. When a cleric is deposed, he is no longer a member of the clergy and may not function in that role. Deposition is performed only by the episcopacy, and it is often the canonical penalty for committing acts of immorality or disobedience. Clerics may be deposed by means of a formal, canonical process via a spiritual court, but they may also be deposed by more "existential" means, e.g., by leaving the Church. In either case, any action on the part of the episcopacy is really just a recognition of the self-deposition that a man has taken upon himself by means of his actions. Orthodox theology of ordination does not teach that an "indelible mark" is conferred as in Roman Catholicism. Rather, because the function of the clergy is only within the context of the Church community and as an extension of the authority of the bishop (or in the case of a bishop, of the whole episcopacy), when a cleric is deposed, he is really no longer a clergyman. Deposition is distinct from laicization in that the latter is usually the result of a request by the cleric to be returned to the ranks of the laity. The terms are sometimes used interchangeably, however. In addition, defrocking is sometimes used to refer to deposition, but this is less correct, as it reflects the Roman Catholic "indelible mark" theology (and thus, since a man is always a clergyman, he may only be "defrocked," i.e., no longer permitted to serve as a priest). Being deposed is also distinct from suspension in that it is a permanent revocation of the clerical office, while suspension means only that a cleric cannot serve for a temporary period.