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Battle of Oxus River

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Khorasan was the second largest province of the Sassanid Persian Empire. It stretched from what is now present day north eastern Iran, Afghanistan and Turkmenistan. Its capital was Balkh, now in present day northern Afghanistan. In 651 the mission of conquering Khurasan was assigned to Ahnaf ibn Qais. Ahnaf marched from Kufa and took a short and less frequent route via Rayy and Nishapur. Rayy was already in Muslim hands and Nishapur surrendered without resistance. From Nishapur Ahnaf marched to Herat which in now in present day southern Afghanistan. Herat was a fortified town, Siege of Herat lasted for few months before Herat surrendered. With the surrender of Herat, the whole of the southern Khurasan came under Muslim control. With Herat under his firm control, Ahnaf marched north direct

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Unknown

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the Muslim conquest of Persia

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651

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Khan of Farghana n16: n34:

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Khurasan annexed, end of Sassanid Empire.

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Unknown Unknown but heavy

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Rashidun victory, destruction of the Sassanid army

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Oxus river, Turkmenistan.

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Battle of Oxus River

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Khorasan was the second largest province of the Sassanid Persian Empire. It stretched from what is now present day north eastern Iran, Afghanistan and Turkmenistan. Its capital was Balkh, now in present day northern Afghanistan. In 651 the mission of conquering Khurasan was assigned to Ahnaf ibn Qais. Ahnaf marched from Kufa and took a short and less frequent route via Rayy and Nishapur. Rayy was already in Muslim hands and Nishapur surrendered without resistance. From Nishapur Ahnaf marched to Herat which in now in present day southern Afghanistan. Herat was a fortified town, Siege of Herat lasted for few months before Herat surrendered. With the surrender of Herat, the whole of the southern Khurasan came under Muslim control. With Herat under his firm control, Ahnaf marched north direct to Merv, in present Turkmenistan. Merv was the capital of Khurasan and here Yazdegerd III held his court. On hearing of the Muslim advance, Yazdegerd III left for Balkh. No resistance was offered at Merv, and the Muslims occupied the capital of Khurasan without a fight.