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Brooks–Baxter War

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The Brooks–Baxter War (or sometimes referred to as the Brooks–Baxter Affair) was an armed conflict in Little Rock, Arkansas, in the United States, in 1874 between factions of the Republican Party over the disputed 1872 election for governor. It came at the end of a long and often violent struggle between white Republican residents in the state before the War, known as scalawags, and newer Republican arrivals called carpetbaggers, over power in the state government during Reconstruction after the American Civil War.

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more than 2,000 approximately 1,000, not including state militia

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--04-15

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claims range from 40 to about 200

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Northern Republican victory

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*Nicknamed "the Brindle Tails" *Initially supported by state militia, later mostly African American volunteers *Nicknamed "the Minstrels" *Mostly Northerners at first loyal to Powell Clayton, later Democrats Republican Party n41:

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governorship of Arkansas

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Little Rock, Arkansas

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Brooks—Baxter War

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The Brooks–Baxter War (or sometimes referred to as the Brooks–Baxter Affair) was an armed conflict in Little Rock, Arkansas, in the United States, in 1874 between factions of the Republican Party over the disputed 1872 election for governor. It came at the end of a long and often violent struggle between white Republican residents in the state before the War, known as scalawags, and newer Republican arrivals called carpetbaggers, over power in the state government during Reconstruction after the American Civil War. The struggle began with the ratification of the 1868 Arkansas constitution, which had been rewritten to accommodate the Radical Republicans in the United States Congress who had dissolved southern governments and turned them into military districts. The new constitution gave suffrage to freedmen (ex-slaves) while disenfranchising former Confederates. Democrats refused to participate in the writing of a constitution that disenfranchised ex-Confederates and stopping their participation in government. With no opposition, scalawag and carpetbagger Republicans, along with freedmen, formed a thin coalition and took control of the state government. Eventually, extravagant government spending and widespread corruption caused the Republicans to split into two factions: the "Minstrels", who were mostly carpetbaggers, and the "Brindle Tails", who were mostly Scalawags. This led to a failed impeachment trial of the carpetbagger Republican Governor, Powell Clayton; he was then elected a U.S. Senator by the $3. The 1872 gubernatorial election resulted in a narrow victory for Minstrel Elisha Baxter over Brindle Tail Joseph Brooks in an election marked by fraud and intimidation. Brooks challenged the result through legal means, initially without success, but Baxter alienated much of his base by re-enfranchising former Confederates and in 1874, Brooks was declared governor by a judge who declared the results of the election to have been fraudulent. Brooks took control of the government by force, but Baxter refused to resign. Each side was supported by its own militia of several hundred men and several bloody battles ensued between the two factions. Finally, President Ulysses S. Grant reluctantly intervened and supported Governor Baxter, bringing the affair to an end. The incident, followed by the new Arkansas Constitution of 1874, marked an early end to Reconstruction in Arkansas, two years before it ended in the rest of the country. It was also followed by Democratic dominance of the Governorship for 90 years.