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J. R. R. Tolkien J. R. R. Tolkien J. R. R. Tolkien J. R. R. Tolkien

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Professor John Ronald Reuel Tolkien (3 January 1892 – 2 September 1973) is the author of The Hobbit and its sequel The Lord of the Rings. He attended King Edward's School, Birmingham and Oxford University; he worked as reader in English language at Leeds from 1920 to 1925, as professor of Anglo-Saxon at Oxford from 1925 to 1945, and of English Language and Literature, also at Oxford, from 1945 to 1959. He was a strongly committed Catholic. He belonged to a literary discussion group called the Inklings, through which he enjoyed a close friendship with C. S. Lewis. John Ronald Reuel Tolkien, CBE (3 January 1892 – 2 September 1973), whose surname is pronounced /ˈtɒlkiːn/ (in General American also /ˈtoʊlkiːn/), was an English writer, poet, philologist, and university professor, best known as the author of the classic high fantasy works The Hobbit, The Lord of the Rings, and The Silmarillion. right|thumb|250px|Tolkien em 1972, no seu estúdio da Merton Street John Ronald Reuel Tolkien (Bloemfontein, 3 de Janeiro de 1892; Bournemouth, 2 de Setembro de 1973) foi um escritor, professor universitário e filólogo britânico. Na Universidade de Oxford, foi professor de anglo-saxão de 1925 a 1945 e de inglês e Literatura inglesa de 1945 a 1959. Católico fervoroso, foi grande amigo de C.S. Lewis, autor de As Crônicas de Nárnia, e ambos foram membros do grupo de literatura The Inklings. Sir John Ronald Reuel Tolkien CBE (Bloemfontein, 3 de Janeiro de 1892 — Bournemouth, 2 de Setembro de 1973), mais conhecido simplesmente como J. R. R. Tolkien, foi um escritor, professor universitário e filólogo sul-africano naturalizado britânico. Católico fervoroso, foi grande amigo de C. S. Lewis , autor de As Crônicas de Nárnia, ambos membros do grupo de literatura The Inklings. He served as the Rawlinson and Bosworth Professor of Anglo-Saxon at Pembroke College, Oxford, from 1925 to 1945 and Merton Professor of English Language and Literature at Merton College, Oxford from 1945 to 1959. He was at one time a close friend of C. S. Lewis—they were both members of the informal literary discussion group known as the Inklings. Tolkien was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire by Queen Elizabeth II on 28 March 1972. __TOC__ Tolkien briefly met the Eleventh Doctor and Amy Pond during a C. S. Lewis reading at an Inklings gathering at the Eagle and Child of a story that would become The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe. He didn't like Lewis' work much, saying that it contained a meaningless mixture of too many mythologies. (COMIC: The Professor, the Queen and the Bookshop) Ce wiki traite principalement du monde de Tolkien, qui concerne le Seigneur des Anneaux mais aussi toute la mythologie de la Terre du Milieu ! Préparez-vous à voyager à travers les Âges de ce monde pour un périple plein d'aventure ! Ce wiki est en évolution, et si vous êtes fans de Tolkien ou bien même des 2 trilogies cinématographique et de leur réalisateur, votre aide est la bienvenue. Catégorie:Littérature Catégorie:Cinéma John Ronald Reuel Tolkien (3 January 1892 – 2 September 1973) was a friend of C. S. Lewis and fellow member of the The Inklings. He is best known for writing The Hobbit, The Lord of the Rings, and The Silmarillion. John Ronald Reuel "J. R. R." Tolkien (3 January 1892 - 2 September 1973) was a British author and poet who lived on Earth during the 19th and 20th centuries. He was the author of the fantasy works The Lord of the Rings and The Silmarillion. (TOS - Constellations short story: "Make-Believe"; DS9 novel: Lesser Evil) The former was adapted into a highly regarded film trilogy in the early 21st century. (TOS - Constellations short story: "Make-Believe") John Ronald Reuel Tolkien (* 3. Januar 1892 in Bloemfontein, heute Südafrika; † 2. September 1973 in Bournemouth, England) war ein britischer Schriftsteller und Philologe. Mit dem in der fantastischen Mythenwelt Mittelerde spielenden Roman Der Herr der Ringe (The Lord of the Rings, 1954/55, auf Deutsch erschienen 1969/70) wurde er zu einem der Begründer der modernen Fantasy-Literatur. Tolkien's greatest invention was the fantasy industry. Without his influence, online collaborative games would all be about spies or snowboarding or something and goths would have to dress in pastel casuals. But thanks to Tolkien, gamers, goths, hippies, occultists and heavymetal bands have a rich reference-iconography of dark overlords, wizards, orcs, funny lettering, dungeons, bad fashion and awesome films to smoke dope to, allowing contact with the real world to be minimized. thumb|J. R. R. Tolkien John Ronald Reuel Tolkien (* 3. Januar 1892 in Bloemfontein, heute Südafrika; † 2. September 1973 in Bournemouth, England) war ein britischer Schriftsteller und Philologe. Mit dem in der fantastischen Mythenwelt Mittelerde spielenden Roman Der Herr der Ringe (The Lord of the Rings, 1954/55, auf Deutsch erschienen 1969/70) wurde er zu einem der Begründer der modernen Fantasy-Literatur. John Ronald Reuel Tolkien (better known as J. R. R. Tolkien) is an English writer, poet, philologist, and university professor, best known as the author of The Lord of the Rings trilogy, The Hobbit, and The Silmarillion, and other books, some being published in later years by his son Christopher. He was born on January 3, 1892 in Bloemfontein, Orange Free State and died at the age of 81 on September 2, 1973 in Bournemouth, England. After his death, his son Christopher published his various works. Tolkien is often regarded as the "father of modern fantasy fiction" (or more precisely, high fantasy). Tolkien's works have been influenced by many different mythologies and religions which include Anglo-Saxon, Norse, Finnish, Greek, Persian, Slavic, and Celtic mythology and Roman Catholicism. J. R. R. Tolkien (eigentlich: John Ronald Reuel Tolkien (* 1892; † 1973) war ein erfolgreicher englischer Fantasy-Schriftsteller und Philologe. Seine bekanntesten Werke: Der Hobbit (auch: Der kleine Hobbit) und der Herr der Ringe wurden verfilmt. J. R. R. Tolkien war ein britischer Schriftsteller und Philologe. Der Elfte Doctor und Amy Pond treffen Tolkien an einem Winterabend in dem Pub The Eagle and Child. Anwesend ist ebenfalls C. S. Lewis. Der Doctor und Amy erzählen den beiden Schriftstellern eine abenteuerliche Geschichte, aus der einige Elemente in die Narnia-Bücher von C. S. Lewis einfließen. J. R. R. Tolkien is a Releasio. He wrote The Lord of The Rings and a couple other books in the same universe. Being a Releasio, Tolkien was able to make these stories literally come to life, and everything that happened in them was true. What he wrote happened thousands of years before he wrote it, so he was basically creating the past history. Smeagol became Tod long after the story ended.

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John Ronald Reuel Tolkien (3 January 1892 – 2 September 1973) was a friend of C. S. Lewis and fellow member of the The Inklings. He is best known for writing The Hobbit, The Lord of the Rings, and The Silmarillion. Professor John Ronald Reuel Tolkien (3 January 1892 – 2 September 1973) is the author of The Hobbit and its sequel The Lord of the Rings. He attended King Edward's School, Birmingham and Oxford University; he worked as reader in English language at Leeds from 1920 to 1925, as professor of Anglo-Saxon at Oxford from 1925 to 1945, and of English Language and Literature, also at Oxford, from 1945 to 1959. He was a strongly committed Catholic. He belonged to a literary discussion group called the Inklings, through which he enjoyed a close friendship with C. S. Lewis. In addition to The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings, Tolkien's published fiction includes The Silmarillion and other posthumous books about what he called a legendarium, a fictional mythology of the remote past of Earth, called Arda, and Middle-earth (from middangeard, the lands inhabitable by Men), in particular. Most of these posthumously published works come from Tolkien's drafts and were put together as books by his son, Christopher Tolkien. The enduring popularity and influence of Tolkien's works have established him as the "father of the modern high fantasy genre". Tolkien's other published fiction includes adaptations of stories originally told to his children and not directly related to the legendarium. John Ronald Reuel Tolkien (* 3. Januar 1892 in Bloemfontein, heute Südafrika; † 2. September 1973 in Bournemouth, England) war ein britischer Schriftsteller und Philologe. Mit dem in der fantastischen Mythenwelt Mittelerde spielenden Roman Der Herr der Ringe (The Lord of the Rings, 1954/55, auf Deutsch erschienen 1969/70) wurde er zu einem der Begründer der modernen Fantasy-Literatur. Sir John Ronald Reuel Tolkien CBE (Bloemfontein, 3 de Janeiro de 1892 — Bournemouth, 2 de Setembro de 1973), mais conhecido simplesmente como J. R. R. Tolkien, foi um escritor, professor universitário e filólogo sul-africano naturalizado britânico. thumb|Tolkien, no seu uniforme militar, em 1916.Tolkien nasceu em Bloemfontein, cidade no centro da África do Sul e aos três anos de idade, com sua mãe e irmão, passou a viver na Inglaterra, terra natal de seus pais. Desde pequeno fascinado pela lingüística, cursou a faculdade de Letras em Exeter. Lutou na Primeira Guerra Mundial, onde começou a escrever os primeiros rascunhos do que se tornaria o seu "mundo secundário" complexo e cheio de vida, denominado Arda, palco das mundialmente famosas obras O Hobbit , O Senhor dos Anéis e O Silmarillion, sendo esta última, sua maior paixão, que, postumamente publicada, é considerada sua principal obra, embora não a mais famosa. Tornou-se filólogo e professor universitário, tendo sido professor de anglo-saxão (e considerado um dos maiores especialistas do assunto) na Universidade de Oxford de 1925 a 1945, e de inglês e Literatura inglesa na mesma universidade de 1945 a 1959. Mesmo precedido de outros escritores de fantasia, tais como William Morris , Robert E. Howard e E. R. Eddison , devido à grande popularidade de seu trabalho, Tolkien ficou conhecido como o "pai da moderna literatura fantástica". Suas obras venderam mundialmente, até 2010, mais de 200 milhões de livros, tendo influenciado gerações seguidas há decadas. Católico fervoroso, foi grande amigo de C. S. Lewis , autor de As Crônicas de Nárnia, ambos membros do grupo de literatura The Inklings. John Ronald Reuel "J. R. R." Tolkien (3 January 1892 - 2 September 1973) was a British author and poet who lived on Earth during the 19th and 20th centuries. He was the author of the fantasy works The Lord of the Rings and The Silmarillion. (TOS - Constellations short story: "Make-Believe"; DS9 novel: Lesser Evil) The former was adapted into a highly regarded film trilogy in the early 21st century. (TOS - Constellations short story: "Make-Believe") J. R. R. Tolkien (eigentlich: John Ronald Reuel Tolkien (* 1892; † 1973) war ein erfolgreicher englischer Fantasy-Schriftsteller und Philologe. Seine bekanntesten Werke: Der Hobbit (auch: Der kleine Hobbit) und der Herr der Ringe wurden verfilmt. J. R. R. Tolkien war ein britischer Schriftsteller und Philologe. Der Elfte Doctor und Amy Pond treffen Tolkien an einem Winterabend in dem Pub The Eagle and Child. Anwesend ist ebenfalls C. S. Lewis. Der Doctor und Amy erzählen den beiden Schriftstellern eine abenteuerliche Geschichte, aus der einige Elemente in die Narnia-Bücher von C. S. Lewis einfließen. Tolkien briefly met the Eleventh Doctor and Amy Pond during a C. S. Lewis reading at an Inklings gathering at the Eagle and Child of a story that would become The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe. He didn't like Lewis' work much, saying that it contained a meaningless mixture of too many mythologies. (COMIC: The Professor, the Queen and the Bookshop) Ce wiki traite principalement du monde de Tolkien, qui concerne le Seigneur des Anneaux mais aussi toute la mythologie de la Terre du Milieu ! Préparez-vous à voyager à travers les Âges de ce monde pour un périple plein d'aventure ! Ce wiki est en évolution, et si vous êtes fans de Tolkien ou bien même des 2 trilogies cinématographique et de leur réalisateur, votre aide est la bienvenue. Catégorie:Littérature Catégorie:Cinéma J. R. R. Tolkien is a Releasio. He wrote The Lord of The Rings and a couple other books in the same universe. Being a Releasio, Tolkien was able to make these stories literally come to life, and everything that happened in them was true. What he wrote happened thousands of years before he wrote it, so he was basically creating the past history. Tolkien modeled the towers in Mordor off of the Releasio Temple. Because it happened way before he wrote it, the ruins of the towers of Mordor suddenly appeared in real life. There is a weird magical connection between the Releasio Temple and the ruins of the dark towers of Mordor. Smeagol became Tod long after the story ended. John Ronald Reuel Tolkien (better known as J. R. R. Tolkien) is an English writer, poet, philologist, and university professor, best known as the author of The Lord of the Rings trilogy, The Hobbit, and The Silmarillion, and other books, some being published in later years by his son Christopher. He was born on January 3, 1892 in Bloemfontein, Orange Free State and died at the age of 81 on September 2, 1973 in Bournemouth, England. After his death, his son Christopher published his various works. Tolkien is often regarded as the "father of modern fantasy fiction" (or more precisely, high fantasy). Tolkien's works have been influenced by many different mythologies and religions which include Anglo-Saxon, Norse, Finnish, Greek, Persian, Slavic, and Celtic mythology and Roman Catholicism. At one point in his life, Tolkien was good friends with C.S. Lewis, who is best known for writing the Chronicles of Narnia series of books. Tolkien's greatest invention was the fantasy industry. Without his influence, online collaborative games would all be about spies or snowboarding or something and goths would have to dress in pastel casuals. But thanks to Tolkien, gamers, goths, hippies, occultists and heavymetal bands have a rich reference-iconography of dark overlords, wizards, orcs, funny lettering, dungeons, bad fashion and awesome films to smoke dope to, allowing contact with the real world to be minimized. John Ronald Reuel Tolkien, CBE (3 January 1892 – 2 September 1973), whose surname is pronounced /ˈtɒlkiːn/ (in General American also /ˈtoʊlkiːn/), was an English writer, poet, philologist, and university professor, best known as the author of the classic high fantasy works The Hobbit, The Lord of the Rings, and The Silmarillion. Tolkien was Rawlinson and Bosworth Professor of Anglo-Saxon at Oxford University from 1925 to 1945 and Merton Professor of English Language and Literature there from 1945 to 1959. He was a close friend of C. S. Lewis—they were both members of the informal literary discussion group known as the Inklings. Tolkien was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire by Queen Elizabeth II on 28 March 1972. After his death, Tolkien's son Christopher published a series of works based on his father's extensive notes and unpublished manuscripts, including The Silmarillion. These, together with The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings, form a connected body of tales, poems, fictional histories, invented languages, and literary essays about an imagined world called Arda, and Middle-earth within it. Between 1951 and 1955, Tolkien applied the term legendarium to the larger part of these writings. While many other authors had published works of fantasy before Tolkien, the great success of The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings when they were published in paperback in the United States led directly to a popular resurgence of the genre. This has caused Tolkien to be popularly identified as the "father" of modern fantasy literature—or, more precisely, of high fantasy. Tolkien's writings have inspired many other works of fantasy and have had a lasting effect on the entire field. In 2008, The Times ranked him sixth on a list of "The 50 greatest British writers since 1945". Forbes ranked him the 5th top-earning dead celebrity in 2009. He served as the Rawlinson and Bosworth Professor of Anglo-Saxon at Pembroke College, Oxford, from 1925 to 1945 and Merton Professor of English Language and Literature at Merton College, Oxford from 1945 to 1959. He was at one time a close friend of C. S. Lewis—they were both members of the informal literary discussion group known as the Inklings. Tolkien was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire by Queen Elizabeth II on 28 March 1972. After his death, Tolkien's son Christopher published a series of works based on his father's extensive notes and unpublished manuscripts, including The Silmarillion. These, together with The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings form a connected body of tales, poems, fictional histories, invented languages, and literary essays about a fantasy world called Arda, and Middle-earth within it. Between 1951 and 1955, Tolkien applied the term legendarium to the larger part of these writings. While many other authors had published works of fantasy before Tolkien, the great success of The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings led directly to a popular resurgence of the genre. This has caused Tolkien to be popularly identified as the "father" of modern fantasy literature—or, more precisely, of high fantasy. In 2008, The Times ranked him sixth on a list of "The 50 greatest British writers since 1945". Forbes ranked him the 5th top-earning dead celebrity in 2009. __TOC__ thumb|J. R. R. Tolkien John Ronald Reuel Tolkien (* 3. Januar 1892 in Bloemfontein, heute Südafrika; † 2. September 1973 in Bournemouth, England) war ein britischer Schriftsteller und Philologe. Mit dem in der fantastischen Mythenwelt Mittelerde spielenden Roman Der Herr der Ringe (The Lord of the Rings, 1954/55, auf Deutsch erschienen 1969/70) wurde er zu einem der Begründer der modernen Fantasy-Literatur. right|thumb|250px|Tolkien em 1972, no seu estúdio da Merton Street John Ronald Reuel Tolkien (Bloemfontein, 3 de Janeiro de 1892; Bournemouth, 2 de Setembro de 1973) foi um escritor, professor universitário e filólogo britânico. Tolkien nasceu na África do Sul e, com sua mãe e irmão, passou a viver na Inglaterra, terra natal de seus pais, aos três anos de idade. Cursou a faculdade de letras em Exeter. Lutou na Primeira Guerra Mundial, quando começou a escrever os primeiros rascunhos do que se tornaria o seu "mundo secundário" complexo e cheio de vida, denominado Arda, palco das obras O Hobbit, O Senhor dos Anéis e O Silmarillion, muito influentes na literatura de fantasia, na cultura de massas e nos RPGs. Na Universidade de Oxford, foi professor de anglo-saxão de 1925 a 1945 e de inglês e Literatura inglesa de 1945 a 1959. Católico fervoroso, foi grande amigo de C.S. Lewis, autor de As Crônicas de Nárnia, e ambos foram membros do grupo de literatura The Inklings.

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