"The Upper Peru region (present-day Bolivia), was again under royalist control after the rebel defeat at Huaqui, where the inexperienced commander Juan Jos\u00E9 Castelli was easily defeated by the royalist army."@en . "Spanish Empire"@en . . "80"^^ . "Juan P\u00EDo de Trist\u00E1n"@en . "Tucum\u00E1n, Argentina"@en . "13"^^ . "300"^^ . "Manuel Belgrano"@en . "United Provinces of South America"@en . . . "3000"^^ . . "450"^^ . "Battle of Tucum\u00E1n, oil on canvas by Francisco Fortuny"@en . "Viceroyalty of Peru"@en . . . "1800"^^ . "United Provinces victory"@en . . . . . "690"^^ . . "13"^^ . . "-26.8374"^^ . "--09-25"^^ . . "200"^^ . . . "Argentina"@en . . "Battle of Tucum\u00E1n"@en . "-65.217"^^ . "The Upper Peru region (present-day Bolivia), was again under royalist control after the rebel defeat at Huaqui, where the inexperienced commander Juan Jos\u00E9 Castelli was easily defeated by the royalist army. The orders from the First Triumvirate had placed Belgrano in command of the Army of the North on 27 February 1812, headquartered in Jujuy. From there Belgrano attempted to raise the morale of the troops after the defeat at Huaqui. Under that effort on 25 May he raised in Jujuy the new flag he had created a few months back, and had it blessed in Jujuy's Cathedral by Father Juan Ignacio de Gorriti. He soon realized that he did not have enough strength to defend the city, and on 23 August he ordered a massive retreat of all the civilian population to the interior of Tucum\u00E1n Province in what was later known as the \u00C9xodo Juje\u00F1o. Civilians and military men retreated, destroying anything that could be of value to the royalists. When the Spaniards entered the city, they found it empty: Trist\u00E1n wrote to his superior, Per\u00FA's viceroy, Jos\u00E9 Manuel de Goyeneche: On orders from the Triumvirate, the Army of the North had to create a stronghold in C\u00F3rdoba. Instead, Belgrano had the idea of stopping farther north in Tucum\u00E1n, where the local population was eager to support the army. The 3 September victory at the Battle of Las Piedras between his rearguard and two advance royalist columns confirmed his ideas. He captured the column commander, Colonel Huici and about twenty soldiers. He sent Juan Ram\u00F3n Balcarce towards the city, ordering him to recruit and train a cavalry troop from the local militia, and deliver letters to the rich and powerful Ar\u00E1oz family, one of whose members, Lieutenant Gregorio Ar\u00E1oz de Lamadrid, was among Belgrano's best officers."@en . "Battle of Tucum\u00E1n"@en . . . .